“Energiewende – From Germany’s past to Europe’s future?”

Germany must “expand the lessons it has learned to the European level” and integrate the German and European energy systems in order to make the energy transition a durable success, writes Thomas Cunningham in an in-depth paper for the Global Energy Center of think tank Atlantic Council. This was necessary, for example, to cope with the challenges resulting from phasing-out nuclear and fossil power. “The fact that German policy has made them obsolete without finding a substitute to provide [critical baseload and peak load services] implies that more seamless grid integration beyond German borders will become even more important in the future,” writes Cunningham.

Find the paper in English here.